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Index (Latin: “pointer, indicator, list”)
A remote sensing–based index (RS index, spectral index):
A mathematical combination of two or more wavelength bands that enhances the information content of the data.
Spectral indices can be used to extract information about specific features or properties of the Earth’s surface (e.g., vegetation density, soil moisture, water quality).
They help to:
- better capture surface processes
- detect changes
- extract and highlight specific phenomena
By calculating the Normalized Differences, the values of the indices range from -1 to +1.